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(Unpublished) MELISA., ZULFA LANNY; ANALISIS MODEL-MODEL PREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN DI INDONESIA (studi Empiris Di Bursa Efek Jakarta). PRATAMA., HARYADI; OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION AND DIVIDEND POLICY: THE CASE OF BANKS IN THE JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE (JSX).

PUTRI, RIKA MUTIARA; ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN DALAM MEMPREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN PERUSAHAAN (Kasus Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia). Putri, Andina Dharma; Profit Phenomenon in PT Semen Padang (An exploratory case study of PT Semen Padang's Performance in 2004 - 2006 using Economic Value Added Aproach). RAHAYU, SISRI; ANALISIS PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, BEBAN BUNGA, DAN RETURN ON ASSET TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA INDUSTRI AUTOMOTIVE AND ALLIED PERUSAHAAN PADA INDUSTRI AUTOMOTIVE AND ALLIED PRODUCT YANG GO PUBLIC DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA. SARI, NIDIA NANDA; BOARD CHARACTERISTICS AND BANK PERFORMANCE; TOWARDS SOUND GOVERNANCE IMPLEMENTATION. ADRIAN, FIFIE; TINJAUAN ATAS PENGARUH MODERNISASI TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN PASAL 21 DAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PEMOTONG PAJAK PENGHASILAN PASAL 2I STUDI KASUS PADA KANTOR PELAYANAN PAJAK DUMAI. ANGRIANI, NOVA; ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN GO PUBLIK YANG LISTING DI BEI.

ARDELINA, SUCI; ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP DISCRETIONARY ACCRUALS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG LISTING DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2005-2009). ARFIANTI, RIKA; PENERAPAN PENGENDALIAN INTERN PADA PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH (Studi Kasus Pada Pt. BNI (persero) Kantor Cabang Syariah Medan).

Analisis Strategi Bisnis Jasa Telekomunikasi. TEknik Elektro 1. DAFTAR JUDUL TESIS – SKRIPSI PENDIDIKAN TERBARU 1. .com/document/4yr8kw8z-pengembangan-sistem-informasi-skripsi-dan-tugas-akhir-universitas-komputer-indonesia-modul-penjadwalan-seminar-dan-sidang.html 1.

ARIZANTI, MISI; IMPLEMENTASI PERENCANAAN PAJAK SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MEMAKSIMALKAN LABA DAN MEMINIMALKAN BEBAN PAJAK PADA PT. IGASAR PADANG. ASTARI, SILVY; PELAKSANAAN AUDIT OPERASIONAL UNTUK MENILAI EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI PADA INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT PADA RUMAH SAKIT SITI RAHMAH PADANG. ASTASARI, VONI; PERANAN AUDIT OPERASIONAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS KEGIATAN PERKREDITAN (Studi Kasus pada Bank Nagari Cabang Utama Padang). Adelin, Meyranti; ANALISIS HUBUNGAN BIAYA KUALITAS TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN (Studi Kasus pada PT. Terang Dunia Internusa).

Adelina, Finella Ayi; BOARD CHARACTERISTIC AND FIRM PERFORMANCE; EVIDENCE FROM STATE - OWNED ENTERPRISES (SOEs) LISTED IN INDONESIA N STOCK EXCHANGE. Adyawardhana, Khairus; ANALISIS HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK (Berdasarkan Analisis CAMEL) DENGAN PRAKTEK MANAJEMEN LABA DI INDUSTRI PERBANKAN. Amiri, Leona Viodita; Analisis Pemahaman Wajib Pajak Badan Terhadap Akuntansi Perpajakan di Kota Padang.

Andana, Ary; The Developing of Social responsibility Report by using Cost Outlay Approach in PT Semen Padang. Anita, Anita; PERSEPSI AUDITOR TERHADAP PENANGANAN KASUS KORUPSI DENGAN PENDEKATAN AUDIT INVESTIGATIF.

Aprilia, Meriane; Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Laba dan Nilai Perusahaan (Pada Perusahaan lndustri Manufaktur di BEI). Asniati, Asniati and Ali, Syahril and Mustika, Dian; ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN KARYAWAN BPR KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN TERHADAP PSAK NO. 31 TENTANG AKUNTANSI PERBANKAN. Working Paper. (Unpublished) Astri, Prihandhini Valiona; Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sebelum dan Setelah Implementasi Corporate Sosial Responsibility (CSR) (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia). Astri, Rina; FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRAKTIK PERATAAN LABA.

Astuti, Sherry; PENGARUH FLUKTUASI NILAI TUKAR RUPIAH TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia). Ayu, Deni Sri; ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN MODEL ALTMAN MODIFIKASI, INTERNAL GROWTH RATE DENGAN MODEL ALTMAN, SPRINGATE, DAN GROEVER (Studi pada Perusahaan Real Estate dan Properti yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia). Ayu, Putri; PENGARUH PENERAPAN SISTEM ADMINISTRASI PERPAJAKAN MODERN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN PENERIMAAN PPH 25 WAJIB PAJAK BADAN (Studi Pada KPP Pratama BUkittinggi). Azazi, Abdi; ANALISIS PENGARUH PARTISIPASI DALAM PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN KECUKUPAN WEWENANG SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA RUMAH SAKIT DI KOTA PADANG). Aziz, Muharlina; COMPARING THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA DURING 2004-2008.

Dasril, Rizki; The Impact of Profitability Ratio, Interest Rate and Exchange Rate to Stock Price in Indonesia. David, Osra; ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN KEWAJIBAN PERPAJAKAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI dikota PADANG (Menurut UU KUP no. 28 tahun 2007 dan UU PPh no. 36 tahun 2008). Desfita, Marlina; PENGARUH PENGUMUMAN PERINGKAT KINERJA LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia).

Dewan, lsnawati; ANALISIS PERANAN INTENAL AUDITOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIFITAS PNGENDALIAN INTERNAL PADA FUNGSI BANK DAN KAS(STUDI KASUS PADA PT. (Persero) ANGKASA PURA II CABANG BIM). Dewita, Anne; PENGARUH ASIMETRI INFORMASI, KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN TERHADAP PRAKTIK MANAJEMEN LABA (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI). Dharma, Adi; PENGARUH KETAATAN PENGUNGKAPAN WAJIB (MANDATORY DISCLOSURE), LUAS PENGUNGKAPAN SUKARELA(VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE DAN PERAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP KUALITAS LABA (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI). Surya; Kritik Terhadap Pengakuan Gain yang Diakibatkan oleh Penerapan Nilai Wajar (Fair Value) Pada Property, Land and Equipment IAS 16.39.

Effendi, Setra; PEMAHAMAN PRAKTISI BANK SYARIAH TERHADAP PSAK NO. Efitra, Wahyudi; Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Manajer dan Tingkat Kebutuhan Manajemen Atas Laporan Keuangan Terhadap Praktek Akuntansi Keuangan Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) (Bidang Usaha Restoran/Cafe/Rumah Makan di Kota Padang). Elfianti, Elfianti; ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH (Studi Empiris Kab/ Kota di Prop. Sumatera Barat). Elina, Reni; METODE PENGUKURAN DAN PENGAKUAN REKENING-REKENING LAPORAN KEUANGAN UNTUK PENGHITUNGAN ZAKAT MAL PERUSAHAAN (Studi kasus (CV Salam Nurul Fikri)). Eriani, Eka; PENGARUH STRUKTUR AUDIT, KONFLIK PERAN DAN KETIDAKJELASAN PERAN TERHADAP KINERJA AUDITOR (Studi Pada KAP di Sumatera Barat). FADLI, AHMAD; PENGARUH MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN, KUALITAS AUDIT DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI).

FAUZIAH, FAUZIAH; ANALISIS PENCATATAN DAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA SATUAN KERJA PERANGKAT DAERAH (SKPD) DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA (Studi Kasus Pada Badan Kepegawaian Daerah). FEBRIANI., WIDYA; AKUNTANSI POST RETIREMENT BENEFITS, IMPLEMENTASI, DAN EVALUASI (STUDI PADA BANK NAGARI (BPD) SUMATERA BARAT.

FEBRINA., WINDA; PENGARUH KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL, ORIENTASI ETIKA DAN NILAI ETIKA ORGANISASI TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIS AKUNTAN. Fadhilah, Prima Putri; AUDIT OPERASIONAL PADA INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT (IGD) RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT RSUP) DR M. DJAMIL PADANG. Fadhilla, Rahmi; ANALISIS KONDISI FINANCIAL DISTRESS DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR ANEKA INDUSTRI DI BEI. Fadilla, Fadilla; PENGARUH JASA AKUNTAN PUBLIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN DENGAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Dagang di Kota Padang).

Fathany, Muhammad Zakky; ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS AUDIT, DEBT DEFAULT, PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN OPINI GOING CONCERN. Fatma, Metha; ANALISIS PENGARUH EFFEKTIVITAS MODAL KERJA TERHADAP LIKUIDITAS PADA PT. INDOFOOD SUKSES MAKMUR Tbk.

Faturahmi, Atika; AUDIT OPERASIONAL PADA INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM SITI RAHMAH PADANG. Febriana, Yulisa; PENGGUNAAN UKURAN FINANSIAL DAN NON FINANSIAL DALAM PENILAIAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN (Studi Kasus Pada PT. PLN Persero Wilayah Sumbar Cabang Padang). Febriani, Riska Wahyu; PERBANDINGAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI PEMAIN LAMA DENGAN PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI PEMAIN BARU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN DAN NON KEUANGAN. Febrianto, Rahmat and Kurniawan, Bobby and Suhairi, Suhairi; Perbandingan Earnings Response Coefficients (ERC) Tiga Angka Laba Akuntansi. Working Paper. (Unpublished) Febrina, Winda; PENGARUH KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, KECERDASAN SPRITUAL, ORIENTASI ETIKA DAN NILAI ETIKA ORGANISASI TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIS AKUNTAN.

Ferima, Citra; MANAJEMEN LABA PERUSAHAAN YANG MELANGGAR PERJANJIAN UTANG (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2005-2007). Fili, Angga; Pengaruh Insider Ownership, Firm Size dan Cash Position terhadap Dividend Payout Ratio (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI).

Firdaus, Deny; ANALISIS PENGARUH KLAIM RASIO TNRHADAP RETURN ON EQUITY, NET PROFIT MARGIN, DAN RETURN ON ASSETS PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI KBRUGIAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA. Firdaus, Deny; ANALISIS PENGARUH KLAIM RASIO TNRHADAP RETURN ON EQUITY, NET PROFIT MARGIN, DAN RETURN ON ASSETS PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI KERUGIAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA. Firza, Edy; ANALISIS SISTEM ADMINISTRASI PAJAK REKLAME KOTA SUNGAI PENUH (Studi Kasus Pada Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Sungai Penuh Provinsi Jambi). Fitria, Nenny; EVALUASI PENERAPAN PRINSIP-PRINSIP GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ( Study Kasus pada PT.

Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk ). Frima, Mutiara; Board of Commissioners' Monitoring Effectiveness, Risk Management, and Sharia Bank Performance in lndonesia. GEMINASTITIE, SEPTARINI; PELAKSANAAN AUDIT OPERASIONAL DAN PERANAN INTERNAL AUDIT DALAM PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIFITAS PERUSAHAAN PADA PT (PERSERO) PELABUHAN INDONESIA II CABANG TELUK BAYUR. Gemala, Boria; PENGARUH FAKTOR TAX PAYER TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PENERIMAAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN DI KOTA PADANG. Gusviyan, Odi; INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE PERUSAHAAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN VALUE ADDED INTELLECTUAL COEFFICIENT (Studi Pada Perusahaan Perbankan di BEI Pada Tahun 2006-2009).

Hendyascendancy, yudhis; pengaruh struktur audit, konflik peran dan ketidakjelasan peran terhadap kinerja auditor. Universitas Andalas. H, Fiola Finomia; MANAGEMENT OWNERSHIP AS THE MODERATING VARIABLE IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE AND STOCK RETURN. H, Rendhy Permana; PENGUKURAN KINERJA BANK KOMERSIAL BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN EFISIENSI (STUDI TERHADAP PERBANKAN GO-PUBLIC DI INDONESIA). HELMI, BENNY; PENERAPAN AUDIT OPERASIONAL UNTUK MENILAI DAN MENDORONG EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI PADA INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM IBNU SINA PADANG. Hanafi, Liza Novalina; ANALISIS TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI TERHADAP PERATURAN PELAKSANAAN KEWAJIBAN PERPAJAKAN DI KOTA PEKANBARU. Handayani Y, Sri; PENGARUH FREE CASH FLOW TERHADAP DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DENGAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktue yang Terdaftar di BEI).

Harini, Gustia; Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketepatan Waktu Pelaporan Keuangan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Perbankan di BEI). Harmelia, Ike; Analisis Penerapan Sistem Akuntansi Pertanggungjawaban Dalam Penilaian Kinerja PT Semen Padang (Studi Kasus Pada PT Semen padang). Hartini, Ika Sri; Corporate Taxpayer Compliance Behavior: A Case Study on PT.Igasar. Hidayati, Laily; Pengaruh Pemilihan Metode Akuntansi untuk Merger dan Akuisisi terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Go Publik di Indonesia. IGRA, IGRA; THE INFLUENCE OF BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS' CHARACTERISTICS ON EARNING MANAGEMENT (The Case of Banking Company Listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange). Isriani, Rahmi; PENGARUH PROXIES GOING CONCERN: RASIO LIKUIDITAS, RASIO RENTABILTTAS DAN RASIO SOLVABILITAS TERHADAP OPINI AUDIT (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Terdaftar di BEI).

JULITA, MERRY MARDA; PERCEPTION OF THE GOVERNMENT OFFICERS ON THE ADOPTION OF CASH TOWARDS ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY IN PADANG CITY). JUZRAL, JOSEVIKO; PENGARUH RASIO PROFITABILITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA. KHAFAH, SILMI; PENGARUH KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN KETIDAKPASTIAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ANTARA PARTISIPASI ANGGARAN DENGAN SENJANGAN ANGGARAN. KHAIRUL, NADIA AZARINE; The Effect of Hedging Practices toward Earnings Volatility and the Implementation of Hedge Accounting (A Study at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk). Kahlil, Kahlil; Corporate Governance and Financial Distress, The Case of Listed Manufacture Companies in Indonesia.

Kho, Hengky; ANALISIS PERSEPSI ANTARA AUDITOR, MAHASISWA, DAN PEMAKAI LAPORAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERAN DAN TANGGUNGJAWAB AUDITOR. Kirana, Nora Candra; ANALISA TARIF/HARGA JUAL PADA PENDIDIKAN PRA SEKOLAH (sTUDI KASUS TK ADZKIA PADANG).

Kurnia, Mila; FUNGSI AUDIT INTERNAL SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU MANAJEMEN DALAM MENDORONG EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (IsO 9001:2008), STUDI KASUS PADA POLITEKNIK NEGERI PADANG. Kurniawan, Donny; PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KOTA/KABUPATEN DI SUMATERA BARAT DALAM ERA OTONOMI DAERAH. Kurniawan, Rizky; ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK SYARIAH DAN BANK KONVENSIONAL. Kurniawaty, Elizia; Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan dan Risiko Sistematis Terhadap Return Saham Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2004-2009. Latipah, Latipah; STUDI TENTANG KESIAPAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH KOTA PADANG DALAM MENERAPKAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH DAERAH. Lenggogeni, Putri; BOARD CHARACTERISTICS AND FINANCIAL OF ISLAMIC BANK: THE CASE OF INDONESIA.

MAHARDIAN., YUDI; Pengaruh Reputasi Auditor, Reputasi Underwriter, Financial Leverage dan Earning Per Share (EPS) terhadap Underpricing Pada Penawaran Saham Perdana Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (2002-2007). MARTA, AN'GILINA; ANALISIS TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI TERHADAP PERATURAN PELAKSANAAN KEWAJIBAN PERPAJAKAN DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN.

MATHASWINTA, NATASHA; AN ANALISIS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AT PADANG LOCAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION. MERSELLIA, REYSYA; FUNGSI AUDIT INTERNAL PT BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (PERSERO) TBK CABANG UTAMA PADANG. MUHARYA, AGIL; ANALISIS PENGARUH ROA DAN ROE SERTA INTENSITAS MODAL TERTIMBANG TERHADAP ROA DAN ROE PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG GO-PUBLIC DI INDONESIA. Maharadhingga, Rika; PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE KEUANGAN, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, UKURAN KAP, DAN OPINI AUDITOR TERHADAP AUDIT REPORT LAG (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2006-2008). Maharani, Ayudiah; KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF ANDALAS UNIVERSITY ACCOUNTING STUDENTS ON FORENSIC ACCOUNTING. Maizofa, Ledi; Analisa pengaruh Rasio Profitabilitas, Rasio Solvabilitas, dan Rasio Pasar Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Listing di BEI).

Mardiansky, Mardiansky; PENGARUH INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN KOPERASI DI KOTAMADYA BUKITTINGGI {Studi Empiris pada Koperasi - koperasi Yang Terdaftar di Departemen Perindustrian, Perdagangan dan Koperasi Kotamadya Bukittinggi). Mariyus, Bery; Pengaruh Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Badan Terhadap Realisasi Penerimaan Pajak Di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Padang.

Origin Brute Checker Cracked By Pcrmc. Marlina, Fina; PENGELOLAAN BELANJA MODAL PADA KANTOR GUBERNUR JAMBI SESUAI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 58 TAHUN 2006 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH (Studi Kasus Pada Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Jambi ). Martha, Hendra; PENGUKURAN KINERJA BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT DI SUMATERA BARAT BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN EFISIENSI DENGAN METODE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA).

Melanie, Ella; PENGARUH KONDISI KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, OPINI AUDIT TAHUN SEBELUMNYA DAN REPUTASI KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK TERHADAP PENERIMAAN OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN. Munaf, Yuskar; Etika Profesi Auditor. [Teaching Resource] (Submitted) NINGSIH, DEWI PUSPITA; ANALISIS OPINI AUDIT WAJAR TANPA PENGECUALIAN DENGAN BAHASA PENJELASAN DAN PENGARUH OPINI TERHADAP PERGERAKAN HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN LQ 45.

NOVRITA, DINA; EARNING MANAGEMENT DALAM INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO) PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN. Nita, Dian; PERBANDINGAN UNDERPRICING PENERBITAN SAHAM PERDANA PERUSAHAAN KEUANGAN DAN NON KEUANGAN DI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA. Nofiyarni, Rien; KEANDALAN EFEKTIVITAS INTERNAL AUDIT DALAM PENCEGAHAN DAN DETEKSI KECURANGAN (FRAUD)PADA PT SEMEN PADANG. Nofrita, Nila; PENGARUH RASIO LIKUIDITAS, SOLVABILITAS DAN RENTABILITAS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN (Studi pada Industri Manufaktur dan Industri Non Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia).

Nurmawaddah, Nurmawaddah; Relationship Between Audit Committee and Earnings Management. Nurmely, Alan; PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE DALAM LAPORAN TAHUNAN PERUSAHAAN. Nusyirwan, Andri Rahman; PENGUKURAN KINERJA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DAN BANK UMUM KONVENSIONAL YANG MEMILIKI UNIT USAHA SYARIAH DIINDONESIA BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN EFISIENSI (Metode Non Parametrik Data Envelopment Analysis / DEA). P., SRI SILVIANTI; Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Antara Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Berok Gunung Pangilun Dan Bank perkreditan Rakyat solok sakato Dengan pendekatan Rasio Camel. PERMADI, ARIO; ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN BERBASIS AKTIVITAS (Studi Pada Bank Umum dan Syariah di Kota Padang). PRIMADONA., EZI; ANALISA PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUNGAN PEMERINTAH DAREAH KOTA PADANG. PUTRI, DEWI NIRZA EKA; ANALISIS PENDEKATAN ALTMAN UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN PERUSAHAAN (Penelitian Pada 51 Perusahan Go Public).

Deza; ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT PEMANFAATAN SISTEM INFORMASI dan PENGGUNAAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI (Studi Pada Bank Nagari Cabang Utama Padang). Pratama, Agung; PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN, RASIO LIKUIDITAS, OPINI AUDIT TAHUN SEBELUMNYA, DAN KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP PEMBERIAN OPINI AUDIT GOING CINCERN. Pratama, Ari; ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETEPATWAKTUAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2006-2008). Pratama, Fachrie; The Effect of Tax Services Quality on Taxpayer Compliance in Tax Services Office Kebayoran Baru 3. Purnamasari, Vina; Analisis Pengaruh Mekanisme Corporate Governance dan Kualitas Audit Terhadap lntegritas Laporan Keuangan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan yang Listing di BEI).

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Showing 14,681-14,700 of 14,858 items. # 14681 237 5 0 International Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 7; August 2012 158 Effect of Chitosan and Chitosan-Nanoparticles as Active Coating on Microbiological Characteristics of Fish Fingers Entsar S. Abdou Food Eng. And Packaging Dept., Food Tech. Research Institute Agriculture Research Center, Giza Egypt 12613 Osheba, A.S. Meat and Fish Tech.

Food Technology Research Institute Agriculture Research Center, Giza Egypt 12613 M. Sorour Food Eng. And Packaging Dept., Food Tech. Research Institute Agriculture Research Center, Giza Egypt 12613 Abstract The effect of different concentrations of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles as active coating on microbiological characteristics of fish fingers during frozen storage at -18°C were studied.

Results indicated that, uncoated fish fingers (T1) and that coated with commercial edible coating (T2) had higher total bacterial count (TBC), psychrophilic bacteria, and coliform bacteria, proteolytic bacteria when compared with fish fingers coated with either chitosan or chitosan nanoparticles. Moreover, the lowest counts of abovementioned microorganisms were recorded for chitosan nanoparticles treatments during frozen storage at ­ 18 C up to 6 months. The flow behavior of the edible coating solutions prepared from chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles was studied; it was observed that all samples of edible coating solutions exhibited non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior for all concentrations studied. Key Words: Extraction, Chitosan, Nanoparticles, Antimicrobial, Fish Fingers, rheological properties. Introduction nIdeal biobased and biodegradable polymers are defined as materials that are produced from renewable resources and completely degraded to carbon dioxide and water by the action of micro-organisms. Chitosan is a linear copolymer composed of (14)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy--d-glucopyranose and 2-amino-2-deoxy--d- glucopyranose units. It occurs as a component of the cell wall of some fungi but it is generally produced by carrying out the deacetylation of chitin, an abundant polysaccharide found in the shells of crustaceans, particularly crabs and shrimps.

It is a biocompatible, biodegradable and antimicrobial polymer. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials with a vast range of applications.

The interesting and sometimes unexpected properties of nanoparticles are largely due to the huge surface area of the material accompanied usually by an increase in stability and improved functionality which dominates the contributions made by the small bulk of the material. Chitosan nanoparticles have many applications in medical and pharmaceutical uses they have been used successfully in drug delivery systems to control the releasing process of the drug (Du et al, 2009; Krishna et al, 2010; Sangeetha et al., 2010; Rafeeq et al, 2010; Kim et al, 2010; Allemann et al, 1993) Fish fingers produced from minced fish flesh as a battered and breaded product, are commonly stored and marketed in the frozen state. Nevertheless, frozen storage does not completely inhibit microbial and chemical reactions that lead to quality deterioration of fish (Reddy & Srikar, 1996). Moreover, fish and its products such as fish burgers, fish fingers, fish balls, frankfurters and sausages can undergo undesirable changes during frozen storage that lead to deterioration which may limit their storage time. © Centre for Promoting Ideas, USA www.ijastnet.com 159 These undesirable changes result from protein denaturation (Fijuwara et al, 1998;Benjakul et al, 2005), and lipid oxidation (Sarma et al, 2000; Richards & Hultin, 2002). Polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids edible coatings can extend the shelf life of foods by functioning as solute, gas, and vapour barriers.

Generally, meat and other foods are covered with dry particles (breaded) or dipped in liquid solutions of these particles which called battering (Kilincceker et al, 2009; Ojagh et al, 2010). Chitosan has functional properties that make it useful in nutrition (Gallaher et al., 2002). These include its antimicrobial activity and ability to form protective films (Cuero, 1999;Jeon et al, 2002), texturizing (Benjakul et al, 2003), binding action (No et al, 2000); and its antioxidant activity (Kamil et al 2002).

Many investigators have studied chitosan as edible coating material for fishery products to enhance microbiologicalquality and extend the shelf life (Alishahi et al, 2011; Augustini& Sedjati, 2007; Fan et al, 2009;Mohan et al, 2012)In spite of numerous studies, which have indicated that improving the quality and extension the shelf life of fish through the use of chitosan, there are very little or no reports on the effect of chitosan coating or chitosan nanoparticles coating on quality of fish fingers during frozen storage. Rheological properties of coating solutions, which are concentration (C) dependent, are important for the use of these solutions in edible coatings, (Kislenko et al, 2006). The knowledge of rheological properties of coating solutions is necessary for a successful product formulation and engineering scale up, (Bhandari et al., 2002 and Rao et al., 1984). The flow behavior of the edible coating solutions needs to be studied since the viscosity of the film forming solution is the key to control the desirable thickness of the coating (Chen, 1995). The viscosity of the coating solutions is also important for decreasing the dewetting process which prevents the creation of a continuous layer around food, making it necessary that the magnitude of the viscous forces be greater than that of the interfacial ones (Mate& Krochta, 1996). The aim of this study was first to prepare and characterize chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle solutions then using these solutions as edible coating to improve microbiological quality and extend the shelf-life of fish fingers. Material and Methods 2.1.

Materials n2.1.1.Fish sample Carp fish varying from 500 to 900 gm in weight, were purchased from the private sector shop in the local market at Giza, Egypt. Fish were transferred to the laboratory in an ice box within 30 min. Other ingredients Food grade sodium tripolyphosphate (99.5% purity) was obtained from El-Gomhoria for chemicals Co., Egypt.

Salt, sugar, wheat and corn flour, cumin, onion, garlic powder, black pepper, thyme, egg and skimmed milk were purchased from local market at Giza, Egypt. Methods n2.2.1. Extrication of chitosan Chitosan was extracted frommarine shrimp shells. The exoskeleton of the shrimp were crushed and treated in the usual way with HCl, NaOH 1-2 M then with 40% NaOH to extract the chitosan (Abdou et al, 2008). The degree of deacetylation (DDA%) of chitosan determined by potentiometric titration (Domard & Rinaudo, 1983), and the molecular weight was calculated using the value of intrinsic viscosity (Ravindra et al, 1998) measured by an Ubbelohde viscometer. The value of (DDA%) and molecular weight of chitosan were 85% and 3.98 × 104 gm/mol respectively.

Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles Nanoparticles were produced based on ionic gelation of tripolyphosphate (TPP) and chitosan as described elsewhere (Calvo et al., 1997). Nanoparticles were spontaneously obtained upon the addition of 2%, 2.8% and 4% solutions of TPP aqueous basic solution to 2%, 2.8% and 4% of the chitosan acidic solution respectively (the ratio of TTP to chitosan was 1:1) under magnetic stirring at room temperature. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 7; August 2012 160 2.2.3.

Scanning Electron Microscopy: nThe surface morphology of chitosan nanoparticles was investigated using Transmission Electron Microscope n(TEM)polymer sample was suspended in acetone for 20 min.then, adrop of the suspension was placed on a grid nand letting the solvent evaporate prior to imaging n2.2.4. Preparation of commercial edible coating nCommercial edible coating was prepared by mixing 94% corn flour, 2% egg yolk, 2% skimmed milk, 1.8% salt nand 0.2% cumin with water by 1: 3 ( w:w). Rheological properties of edible coating solutions Rheological parameters (shear stress, shear rate, viscosity) of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticales were measured at different temperatures using Brookfield Engineering labs DV-III Ultra Rheometer. The samples were placed in a small sample adapter and a constant temperature water bath was used to maintain the desired temperature. The viscometer was operated between 10 and 50 rpm and shear stress, shear rate, viscosity data were obtained directly from the instrument, the SC4-21 spindle was selected for the measurement.

Preparation of fish fingers Upon arrival, fish were washed with chilled water (4ºC), beheaded, gutted, washed again with chilled water, and then filleted. The fillets were minced with meat mincer using a 4.5 mm diameter holes plate.

Carp fish fingers were prepared by the following recipe according toLong et al (Long et al, 1983) US Department of Agriculture (USDA, 2001) Minced fish meat and the other ingredients were mixed for 3 min by using laboratory mixer (Hobbart Kneading machine, Italy). The obtained mixture was spread in thin layer (1.5 cm) in stainless steel trays and formed to fingers using a kitchen knife (9.0 × 2.0 cm) then stored in freezerat -18ºC for 24 hr. The frozen fish fingers were divided to eight different batches. As seen in table (1) every batch was immersed or dipped into the corresponding edible coating for about 30 sec. All fish fingers treatments were packaged in a foam plates, wrapped with polyethylene film and stored at -18 ºC for six months. Samples were taken for analysis every month periodically.

Table (1) The composition of different edible coatings used Sample Coating composition T1 Without coating (control) T2 commercial edible coating T3 2% chitosan solution T4 2.8% chitosan solution T5 4% chitosan solution T6 Chitosan nanoparticles solution (2%chitosan+2% TPP) T7 Chitosan nanoparticles solution(2.8%chitosan+2.8% TPP) T8 Chitosan nanoparticles solution(4%chitosan+4% TPP) 2.2.7. Microbiological methods 2.2.7.1. Sample preparation: Ten gram of a representative fish fingers sample were mixed with 90 ml of sterile buffered 0.1% peptone water in a sterile blender, under sterile conditions, to give 1/10 dilution.

Serial dilutions were prepared to be used for counting total bacteria count,coliform bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria proteolytic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus and yeast & mold counts. Bacteriological methods Total bacterial count (TBC), Staphylococcus aureus, Coliform bacteria, proteolytic bacteria, Psychrophilic and yeast & mold counts of fish fingers were determined according to the procedures described by Difco Manual (1984). Incubations were carried out at 37ºC/48hr for TBC; at 37ºC/24hr for Staphylococcus aureus and Coliform: at 30ºC for 48 hr for proteolytic bacteria; at 7ºC/10 day for Psychrophilic and 25ºC/5 day for yeasts & molds count. Moreover, the presence or absence of salmonella was determined according to the methods described by FAO (1979) © Centre for Promoting Ideas, USA www.ijastnet.com 161 2.2.7.3. Data analysis nData were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The least significant difference (LSD) procedure was used nto test for difference between means (significance was defined at (p, on December 10, 2013. 2 And so the sexy icon, in the supposedly sexless decade, became one of the main appeals of the Playboy Clubs.

Even after the last Playboy Club closed in 1988, the Playboy Bunnies remained a significant and irreplaceable sex icon. There were several types of Bunnies--the Door Bunnies, the Cigarette Bunnies, the Floor Bunnies, the Playmate Bunnies, and the Jet Bunnies. The Door Bunnies are posted behind the doors of the Playboy Club, and assigned to greet every incoming patron gracefully and in the most friendly manner by saying 'Good evening, Sir. I am your Bunny ___(name). May I see your playboy key, please?' The Cigarette Bunnies were in charge of the cigarettes and lighters for the patrons while the Floor Bunnies are posted on the floor to attend to the patrons.

The Playmate Bunnies were Bunny Girls who also modeled for the Playboy Magazine, usually appearing on the cover. Lastly, the Jet Bunnies were the Bunny Girls who are posted as waitresses in the Playboy 'Big Bunny' Jet, trained with both waitress' and flight attendants' skills. Uniquely Bunny An aspect inseparable with the Playboy Bunny is the iconic costume, the 'Bunny Suit'. Inspired by the tuxedo-wearing Playboy rabbit mascot, the Bunny Suit consists of a corset, bunny ears, a collar and a bow tie, shirt cuffs and a fluffy cottontail. It 'showed just enough skin to be sexy but stay innocent, a visual symbol of Hef's 'Look but don't touch' policy with the Bunnies'4.

To form the famous 'Bunny' curve, the corset was modified. The waist was tightened. The cleavage size bumped up to a D-cup and made ultra-stiff to ensure the shape of the breasts. Some Bunnies were required to fill in the holes with everything from Kleenex, socks, to Kotex. 'There were very few of us who could simply zip themselves into that costume without any sort of padding,' said Kathryn Leigh Scott, author of 'The Bunny Years'5. Another aspect strongly attached to the Playboy Bunnies is the unique maneuvers they do when working--the Bunny Stance, the Bunny Perch, and the Bunny Dip.

The Bunny Stance is a standing pose in which the Bunny stand with legs together, back arched, and hips 3 Bruce Handy, 'A Bunny Thing Happened: An Oral History of the Playboy Clubs', Vanity Fair, accessed from on December 10, 2013. 4 'A Bunny's Tale: The Original Bunny', Ex Playboy Bunny, accessed from on December 10, 2013. The Bunny Perch is a sitting pose, usually performed when the Bunnies are resting or waiting, in which they sit on the back of a chair, sofa, or rest their hip on a banister. Lastly, the most famous maneuver is the Bunny Dip, a pose performed when serving drinks, in which a Bunny leaned backwards while bending their knees with the left knee lifted and tucked behind the right leg--a Bunny must do this gracefully and keep her costume in place at the same time6. Why Become a Bunny? The appeal of becoming a Playboy Bunny, despite the long process of selection and training, is understandable if we start looking at it from the enterprise that gave birth to it.

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Playboy Magazine was one of the biggest enterprises in the entertainment industry. Hefner's innovative vision brought fame and a sense of exclusivity to the magazine, which extended to the glamorous entertainment value of the Playboy Clubs.

As expressed by Sharon Bernstein Peyton in an interview about her days as a Playboy Bunny, 'The sense of glamour started with the selection of women who represented the `Bunny Image', a combination of beauty, intelligence and poise. Then these women were dressed in the Bunny costumes that are the most flattering costumes I have ever seen. Next they taught us how to put on stage makeup that would show up in the dark atmosphere of the clubs.' 7 These women enjoyed the feelings their `stylish' costumes gave them--cuteness and sexiness at the same time. They feel beautiful. They feel exciting. It elevates their sense of self- confidence and self-esteem.

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As a Playboy Bunny in the 1960's, I was a member of a small group of women who were considered, 'sex symbols' and received special attention. Even now, 47 years later, people are still interested to know that I was a Bunny.' 8 Aside from the feelings the job gave the Bunny Girls, it was also the opportunity to earn more money that turned them into Bunnies. In the 60s, when women were not as liberated as they are today, there were not many opportunities for them to earn big money in the male- dominated world. Being a Playboy Bunny allowed the girls to have a sense of control of how much they earn--the more money they want to make, the more hours they should work, since 6 'The Playboy Club Bunny Manual' 7 An interview of a former Playboy Bunny, Sharon Bernstein Peyton, 'Confessions of a Playboy Bunny Part 1', September 28, 2011.

4 most of their income came from the tip. The Bunnies were, in a sense, modern women capable to provide for themselves. Another reason is that when seen in a whole, being a Playboy Bunny is a part of a big show business. There were numerous opportunities for Bunnies to meet local or national celebrities and notable personages.

It was a rich field for connections and network for those who aspired to pursue career in the show business as models, actresses or singers. In fact, the Playboy enterprise was willing to help their Bunnies by becoming their agent should the girls want to pursue career in the entertainment industry. Sex Symbol It is not exaggerating to name the Playboy Bunny a sex symbol--it is not just in our head. Hefner himself explained that he did intend a sexual meaning when creating the concept, by associating women with rabbits. In an interview in 1967, he explained how he thought women were like rabbits. 'The bunny `has a sexual meaning', he said, `because it's a fresh animal, shy, vivacious, jumping ­ sexy.

First it smells you, then it escapes, then it comes back, and you feel like caressing it, playing with it. A girl resembles a bunny. Joyful, joking.' '9 The sex appeal of Playboy Bunny is legendary.

The busty front, the curvaceous hip and bottom, the bare shoulder, the long legs supported by 3-inches heels filled the fantasies of several generations of men ever since it was created. Even for the Bunny Girls themselves, the costume was incredibly sexy. 'But for the original Club Bunnies, the sex appeal of the costume itself will always hold a certain mystique. `It's an amazing experience to stand there in those high- heeled shoes and stockings and see yourself in the mirror,' Scott says. `It really, literally takes your breath away.' '10 In addition, Bunnies are trained to be sexy.

'Part of being a Bunny was being a flirt, and the costume really helped you flirt.' 11 For one, in addition to highlighting the curves of the body, the costume helped the posture of the Bunnies to look perfect while doing their 9 Cochrane, Kira, 'Is the Playboy Party Over?' , The Guardian, accessed from on December 10, 2013.

10 'A Bunny's Tale: The Original Bunny', Ex Playboy Bunny, accessed from on December 10, 2013. The Bunny Suit was undeniably flirty since when a Bunny got a tip, she would slip it into her cleavage--this in itself is a huge turn-on. The Bunnies were aware of this, and were even enjoying this. Being considered a `sex- symbol' made them feel beautiful, and they enjoyed the attention. Peyton confirmed it by stating in her interview that she '.

Appreciated feeling beautiful, sexy and desirable by being considered a 'sex symbol'. Men lusted for Marilyn Monroe while women admired her and wanted to be attractive like her.

The beautiful Bunnies I saw in Playboy magazine also received some of that kind of attention.' 12 In relation to its image as a sex-symbol, we can trace the strong association between Playboy Bunny and sexiness. Japanese porn industry, for example, heavily exploits this sex icon from America.

To watch Japanese porn just to prove this statement would be unnecessary. Try open Google instead, and search Playboy Bunny hentai--you will find innumerable results. Empowerment or Disempowerment?

There have been continuous debates on whether the Playboy Bunny is a form of women empowerment or disempowerment. In order to take a closer look at this issue, we will see the arguments from both sides. For the Bunnies, to be able to look as glamorous and beautiful as possible raised their sense of self-confidence and self-esteem.

'It was a big adjustment, but it seemed worth the discomforts at the time.' 13 Bunny Girls felt empowered by the fact that as a Bunny, they must look attractive. Another thing considered as a form of empowerment is the training underwent by and rules applied to the Playboy Bunnies.

After the selection process, the Playboy Club required that the to-be-Bunnies undergo a period of training (usually two months) that would ensure their capability in providing superior customer services. The strict standard and the high expectation put on the Bunnies by the Playboy Club operation were helpful for the Bunny Girls once they set out to pursue their career outside the smoke-filled Playboy Clubs. Peyton said of her training as a Playboy Boy that, 12 An interview of a former Playboy Bunny, Sharon Bernstein Peyton, 'Confessions of a Playboy Bunny Part 1', September 28, 2011. 6 'It provided a springboard that launched me into the rest of my business education and career. It provided me with learning lessons that calibrated everything that followed. Once they trained me to provide superior customer service, I would never be satisfied in my professional life to provide any customer or client anything less than that.

In my personal life, it also set my expectations for how I should be treated as a customer. I expected to receive superior customer service, also. In retrospect, as I look back over my career, I can easily find the thread that connects my Playboy experience to everything else I've accomplished. Throughout my career I applied what I learned as a Playboy Bunny.14 The last, and probably the biggest aspect that are often associated with women empowerment, was the money. With the money they earn, these Bunny Girls could establish their financial independence.

Being a Playboy Bunny was also considered as a road to success, as many of them expanded their career to modeling, music, publishing and even Hollywood. It was, in a sense, one of the many facets of American Dream--while before this era, American Dream was supposedly for men, being a Playboy Bunny allowed women to make their own American Dream come true. However, the world of a Playboy Bunny was not all about glamour and fun. Some people consider that this profession is a form of women disempowerment. The most famous undercover report on the life of Playboy Bunnies under the suit was one entitled 'A Bunny's Tale', written by Gloria Steinem, published in 1963 in Show Magazine. Steinem, who for a couple of weeks worked as 'Bunny Marie' '. Portrayed the life as a low-paying slog through long nights of heavy drink trays, sore feet, too-tight costumes, and boorish customers.

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The writing was funny, but the piece and its revelations were no more shocking, really, than were the Bunnies themselves, though Steinem probably deflated a few fantasies by publishing this 'unofficial list of Bunny Bosom Stuffers'15 She described that the costumes were extremely tight and uncomfortable to the point that it was hard for her to breathe. Also, there were only little, if none, concern of the Bunny Girls' comfort--the dressing room where they `transform' from normal girls to the iconic, alluring Bunnies was small and crowded, and there was no furniture anywhere in the Clubs 14 Ibid. 15 Bruce Handy, 'A Bunny Thing Happened: An Oral History of the Playboy Clubs', Vanity Fair, accessed from on December 10, 2013. 7 for them to rest or relax on during their break times. This zero amount of concern for the Bunnies underlines the fact that the Playboy Clubs were for the patrons to have fun, and the Bunnies were there to serve them. With the Playboy Club Bunny Manual, the corporate stained so many aspects of the Bunnies' social lives, inside and outside the club.

They were not allowed to be `key holders', the term they used to call their patrons. They were also forbidden from dating employees, entertainers or members of the Clubs. They were also strongly suggested to never acknowledge or say hi to a patron outside the Clubs, to avoid any conflict with the patron's wife or girlfriend who might be with them at the given time. Here lies the irony--while the Bunnies were supposed to be a sex symbol, they were almost prohibited from social life. Another thing that should be added to the forms of disempowerment is the pressure on the Bunny Girls to unfailingly look young, pretty and sexy.

As far as the Playboy Club concerns, the Bunny Girls are valuable only as long as they fulfill that requirement--to look attractive all the time. The costume itself is a manifestation of the impossible standard held to the Bunnies. In a way, it represents the higher standard of attractiveness held to women--the standard that is sometimes so impossible to achieve that women felt the need to have plastic surgery or artificially alter their appearance to compete and maintain the illusion of youth and beauty. The Legacy of the Legendary Bunny In spite of the controversies, the look and lifestyle of the Playboy Bunnies remain a legend--an icon in the American society.

Their image as a sex symbol has prevailed over five decades since their first appearance. The Bunny Suit, despite its scarcity in the market, is a heavily sought after subjects.

The Chicago Historical Society and the Women's Museum in Dallas are two museums lucky enough to have one in their collection.16 The image of the Bunny itself certainly has its own legacy, but it also has a special significance for many famous women featured in other parts of the museum who once wore the costume.17 Not only the suit, but Bunny merchandise is also popular in the market, although most of the consumers are surprisingly women. Cochrane, in her article 'Is the Playboy Party Over?'

Pointed out that 'women buy Playboy products because they think the bunny's cute, just like 16 'A Bunny's Tale: The Original Bunny', Ex Playboy Bunny, accessed from on December 10, 2013. 8 the Hello Kitty logo is cute. A lot of the women's merchandise is pink, sparkly, sexy. It's very simple, and a large audience likes that.18' As a highlight of the lingering appeal of the Playboy Bunny, in its January 2014 issue, celebrating its 60th anniversary, Playboy Magazine will pamper its readers with a taste of the sex icon. The magazine managed to convince Kate Moss, a prominent British supermodel, to put on a black Bunny Suit and to pose sexy for the cover and some more inside. The reaction roaring even months before the photo shoot actually took place showed how the legendary Bunny is still a major attraction even today.

References: 'A Bunny's Tale: The Original Bunny.' Ex Playboy Bunny. 10 December 2013. Cochrane, Kira.

'Is the Playboy Party Over?' The Guardian. 10 December 2013. Ex Playboy Bunnies: Introduction.

10 December 2013. Handy, Bruce. 'A Bunny Thing Happened: An Oral History of the Playboy Clubs.' 10 December 2013.

McClear, Sheila. 'Kate Moss cover can't hide the gray hares in Hugh Hefner's Playboy biz.' 6 December 2013. New York Daily News.

10 December 2013. Nakashima, Ryan. 'New Palyboy Club opens in Vegas.' 1 October 2006. Washington Post. 10 December 2013. Peyton, Sharon Bernstein.

Confessions of a Playboy Bunny Part 1 Christopher. 28 September 2011. Peyton, Sharon Bernstein. Confessions of a Playboy Bunny Part 2 Christopher. 11 October 2011. Steinem, Gloria. 'I Was A Playboy Bunny.'

'The Playboy Bunny Brochure.' 'The Playboy Club Bunny Manual.' 'The Playboy Bunny Bootcamp.' 9 September 2013. 10 December 2013. 18 Cochrane, Kira, 'Is the Playboy Party Over?'

, The Guardian, accessed from on December 10, 2013.